29 June 2023

Thursday, June 29, 2023

Today's name is: Peter, Petra. Congratulations on your name day!

This is week: 26

Day of the year is: 180 of total 365 days.

Historical events this day: (from Wikipedia)

• 1252 The only 34-year-old Danish king Abel is killed by a wheelwright near Eiderstedt during a punitive expedition against the North Frisians, who refuses to pay taxes. With only one and a half years on the Danish throne, Abel becomes the short-lived regent in the Danish royal line so far (2022) and is succeeded on the same day by his brother Kristofer I, who was proclaimed king at the county council in Viborg and was crowned in Lund the same year. Thus, Kristofer manages to outmaneuver Abel's son Valdemar's candidacy for the Danish throne, despite the fact that he has promised his brother to support Valdemar. This leads to many decades of enmity and discord between the branches of Abel and Christopher of the Danish royal family and weakens the Danish monarchy. According to popular belief, Abel goes back and haunts, as punishment for having his brother and predecessor assassinated on the throne Erik Plogpenning.
• 1444 - The Albanian chief and the hero of freedom Skanderbeg leads 15,000 Albanians to victory over an Ottoman force of 25,000-40,000 men, led by Ali Pasha, in the battle of Torviolli. The Ottomans expect a quick and easy victory, as they see that the Albanians are waiting at the foot of a hill and therefore go to direct attack. Skanderberg has, however, divided his army into three parts and only one part is waiting by the hill. When the Ottoman attack is in full swing, he lets the other parts attack from the sides, thus crushing the Ottoman army. Contemporary sources state that the Ottomans lose 22,000 men in casualties and 2,000 captured, while the Albanians are said to have lost only 100-120 men in casualties (but many more injured). Modern estimates, however, indicate the Albanian losses to about 4,000 fallen and wounded and the Ottoman to 8,000 fallen and 2,000 captured. However, the Albanian victory is much appreciated by other Christian princes in Europe, as it raises the morale of Christians in the fight against the Ottomans. The Ottoman Sultan Murad II thus realizes the effect Skanderbeg's rebellion will have on the Ottoman Empire and therefore takes strong measures to crush him, leading to another 25 years of war.
• 1561 Nine months after the accession to the throne on September 29 the year before, the Swedish king is held Erik XIVcoronation in Uppsala Cathedral. Because Erik is the first Swedish king, who has come to power through inheritance (after the introduction of the hereditary kingdom 1544) and thus considers himself to have received his power from God, he has the ambition that the coronation will be the most lavish in Sweden ever (which it also becomes) and lets, among other things, order new coronation regalia (such as crown, spire, sword and national apple) by the Dutch goldsmith Cornlius ver Weiden in Stockholm, which will then be used at Swedish regent crowns until the last (Oscar IIcoronation in 1873) and still today constitute Sweden's national regalia. At the coronation he also has the titles of nobility introduced Count and baron in Sweden, in an attempt to appease the nobility. Marches Svante Sture the younger, the Chief Justice Per Brahe the Elder and the Riksrådet Gustav Johansson (Three Roses) is thus dubbed Sweden's first three counts.
• 1613 - The English playwright and poet William Shakespeares theater, located in London's theater district south of the Thames and goes by the name The Globe Theater, burns to the ground only 14 years after its construction in 1599. During its existence, several of Shakespeare's plays, such as Hamlet and Macbeth premiered there. Although the theater was rebuilt the following year, Shakespeare did not write any more plays after the fire and died in 1616. The new Globeteater continued until 1642 when it was closed and demolished in 1644. In 1997 it was rebuilt a few hundred meters from the original site and since then mainly Shakespeare's plays there again.
• 1676 - The Danes land an invasion army at Råå fishing village just south of Helsingborg,^[3] to during the ongoing the Scanian war they recapture East Danish the provinces of Skåne, Halland and Blekinge from Sweden, which have been in Swedish hands ever since peace in Roskilde 1658. The data on the size of the invasion force vary between 14,000,^[4][5] 15 000^[4][6][7] and 16,000 men,^[5] but the landing becomes completely bloodless, as the Danes meet no resistance. This may partly be due to the Danes through the victory over the Swedes in the battle of Öland's southern cape on 1 June of the same year have become masters of the Baltic Sea,^[4] partly on the Danish rail maneuver at Ystad on 27 June,^[7] partly because the Swedish defense in Scania is numerically inferior to this force^[6] and also spread over the landscape,^[7] including with several thousand men in various camps. In a few months, the Danes will conquer all of Scania and Blekinge except Malmö.
• 1809 - Three weeks after his accession to the throne (June 6), the Swedish king is crowned Charles XIII at a ceremony in the Great Church in Stockholm. However, the king is old (60 years) and frail and has no children of his own, which is why you will soon have to look around for a new Swedish successor candidate. In mid-July of the same year, the Danish prince is elected Karl August to a new Swedish Crown Prince, but after his death by stroke in May the following year, the election falls a few months later instead on the French Marshal Jean Baptiste Bernadotte.
• 1927 - One total solar eclipse occurs across Sweden.
• 1958 – Brazil becomes world champion in football, by defeating Sweden with 5-2 in the final of this year's World Cup at Råsunda Stadium in Solna. This is so far (2022) the only time that the World Cup has been held in Sweden and the Swedish silver will be the best Swedish placement in the men's soccer World Cup ever (the second best placement will be 1950 during the World Cup in Brazil and 1994, during World Cup in the USA), when Sweden takes bronze. The fact that the championship is played in Sweden and that it goes so well for the home team means that the interest in the event will be very large throughout the country, which leads to a big boost for the sale of television sets.
• 1974 - The Argentine president Juan Peróns wife Isabel is secretly sworn in as Argentina's acting president, as her husband is seriously ill with pneumonia and the day before has suffered several heart attacks.^[8] On July 1, he suffers a new attack, which causes him to die the same day. In this way becomes Isabel Perón the world's first female president (when Vigdís Finnbogadóttir becomes Iceland's president in 1980, she becomes the world's first democratically elected female head of state) and remains in office until the spring of 1976, when she is deposed in a coup.
• 1995 – Sampoongvaruhuset in the South Korean capital Seoul collapses, killing 502 people and injuring 937. This will be the greatest peacetime disaster in South Korea's history and the deadliest building collapse in the world before The September 11 attacks in New York in 2001. The value of the material losses amounts to about 270 billion won (about 216 million dollars in the monetary value of the time) and in the investigation of the accident it turns out to be due to substandard building construction, which in turn is due to corruption during the construction of the department store 1987-1990. The building's chairman Lee Joon and his son Lee Han-Sang, the company's director, are both sentenced to many years in prison.